I guess it depends on how small we are talking, and exactly what the parameters are.
If you are monitoring some analog signal and once a second polling it, and checking a delta, then storing the value to a CSV, you probably don’t need a powerful processor, you could possibly get away with a Pi Pico, or ESP32 or something, and they would be power effecient to keep power draw to a minimum for battery life. If you wanted to store files in a more complex format, dbf, sqlite, parquet, that would probably require more processing power….but honestly something like an ESP32 still might be fine, especially if we are looking at 1s+ polling rate.
There probably isn’t going to be much to configure, if it’s just monitoring the signal it’s connected to, you might need to configure what, the file type it stores at (if we want that to be configurable), and possibly polling rate?
Polling rate could be done using dip switches, or you could possible save some space by having a config file?
If the device is being plugged into a USB to offload it’s stored files, there could be a config file on there that can set the file type and polling rate. Plug it into a computer, it charges, grab your files, change your polling rate in the config file, then go hook it up to whatever else.
I would imagine physical size limitations would come from the analog circuitry and storage capacity for the data.
Pi pico’s, and ESP32s aren’t big, and probably do enough for what is needed processing wise.
